​Directives means mandatory principles set in place by the superiors or seniors.  Directives are used as guidance measures by superiors for subordinates on the job. Directives can be used in […]

​Differential validity is seen as a biased prediction of job success against minority subgroups of a population. For example, many people believe that aptitude tests are unfair to women and other […]

​A differential piece-rate system is a method of wage payment in which after tests have set a standard time for any task assigned the worker gets a high piece rate […]

​The Dictionary of Occupational Titles, widely known as D-O-T or DOT is United States Department of Labour publication.  The D-O-T helped employees, government officials, and workforce development professions define more […]

​Developmental counselling is a mutual attempt where both managers or superiors and subordinates or juniors take part in order to identify strengths and weaknesses, decide on performance related problems, and determine […]

​Deregulation is the practice of lightening the policy burden on the Human Resources (HR) department and at the same time, delegating HR authority to the line managers This came in vogue […]

​Deprivation refers to a situation where an individual is denied of the basic necessities of life.  In social terms, it is one of the consequences of the disparity in the […]

​Demarcation Dispute is non-agreement between trade unions under same employer on the work that will be completed by members of their trade union.  In multi union set up demarcation for […]

​Delayering is removal of some of the intermediate layers between the top management & lower layers to focus on operational efficiency, reduce compensation costs, & better implementation of the ideals.  […]

Degradation of work can be simply defined as reduction in the quality of work. By any reason if we can say that the quality of work is reducing or the […]

Degeneration basically refers to the situation when pay and performance link is basically weakened or absent. The reason for this situation is when all the employees (referring to a particular […]

​Decertification is the act of withdrawing the union’s official recognition as a representative of the organization’s employees. There are namely four circumstances under which a union can be decertified. 1) […]

​ Ä decentralized work site is any work site that is located away from the organization’s main facilities. A decentralized work site is usually established to either cater to the demand of […]

​Çumulative Trauma Disorders refers to any of many physical problems or pains that can result from improper or excessive use of a computer display or terminal. Cumulative trauma disorders are […]